Abstract
Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease with recurrent hemoptysis, iron deficiency anemia, and pulmonary infiltrates. We aimed to examine the characteristics of patients who had anemia and/or elevation of reticulocyte and were diagnosed with IPH.
Material and Methods: 14 patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis who had anemia and/or elevation of reticulocyte at initial presentation were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: A total of 14 children were included in the study. Nine (64.3%) were female. The median age at the diagnosis was 60 months (IQR: 42). The median time from onset to diagnosis was 12 months (IQR: 15.5). The median hemoglobin levels were 6.7 g/dL (IQR:4.07). At the time of initial diagnosis, only 5 (35.71%) patients had a classical triad of hemoptysis, iron deficiency anemia, and pulmonary infiltration. Abnormal chest X-ray was detected in 12 (85.7%) of patients at the time of diagnosis. Ten (71.4%) patients were diagnosed with pneumonia at the initial presentation. Iron deficiency anemia was detected in 12 (85.7%) patients before diagnosis and all were resistant to treatment. Thirteen (92.9%) patients had a history of blood transfusion at least once before diagnosis.
Conclusion: IPH may not always present with the classical triad. In patients with respiratory findings and pulmonary infiltration with iron deficiency anemia, IPH should be considered in unresponsive patients to treatments or recurrent attacks.
Keywords: Anemia, Children, Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
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