Abstract

Objective: Determination of etiological factors in the development of urolithiasis is very important for treatment of urolithiasis and prevention of recurrences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and metabolic features and risk factors of urolithiasis in children and compare the demographic features, clinical signs and symptoms of patients according to age groups.

Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical, radiological and metabolic features of 109 children with urolithiasis who had been referred to our Pediatric Nephrology Clinic between 2002 and 2010 with various clinical presentations.

Results: There were 56 boys (51.4%) and 53 girls (48.6%) (M/F: 1.06). Their mean age was 49.2±56 months. A family history of urolithiasis was found in 67.9% of children. There was a history of consanguinity between the parents of 29 (26.6%) patients. The location of the urolithiasis was in the right urinary system in 33 (30%) patients, left urinary system in 41 (38%) patients, and bilateral in 35 (32%) patients. A history of urinary tract infection (UTI) was present in 45.9% of the patients. Urine analysis revealed metabolic abnormalities in 69.7% of the patients, including hypercalciuria (44.0%), hyperoxaluria (50.6%), hyperuricosuria (37.5%), and hypocitraturia (50.0%). The percentage of metabolic abnormalities was higher in patients with a family history (74.3%) than patients without a family history (60%) and also in patients with consanguinity (86%) between their parents than those with parents without consanguinity (63%). Metabolic abnormalities were more common in patients ≤ 5 years of age (78%) than in patients > 5 years of age (48%).

Conclusion: Urolithiasis is not rare in children. Metabolic factors should be investigated in all children with the diagnosis of urolithiasis and especially in patients ≤5 years old and with a family history of urolithiasis

Keywords: Children, Urinary tract infection, Metabolic abnormalities, Urolithiasis

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How to cite

1.
Melek E, Gülleroğlu KS, Bayrakçı US, Aygün C, Baskın E. Clinical and Metabolic Features of Kidney Stones in Children. Turk J Pediatr Dis [Internet]. 2016 Apr. 1 [cited 2025 May 24];10(1):40-5. Available from: https://turkjpediatrdis.org/article/view/414