Endoscopic VUR treatment has been popularized during the last 20 years as an alternative to open procedures. It has been widely used since the application materials are easy to use without complication in outpatients. 32 male and 43 female patients operated for VUR during May 2000 to December 2006 at our Pediatric Surgery Clinic were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age of the patients were 5,4 years in (11 months-13 years). In 25 patients there were bilateral VUR (33%), in 21 patients there were right VUR (28%), and in 29 patients there were left VUR (39%) adding up to 100 affected ureters. Subureteral injection was performed on 75 patients as for first choice of treatment. Subureteral injections were applied to the patients with grade 2 and 3 vesicoureteral reflux in whom urinary tract infections recurred against antibiotic profilaxis whereas the procedure was realized as an alternative to open surgical approaches in patients with grade 4 and 5 vesicoureteral reflux in the abscence of renal scarring.Following the first trial of injection reflux healed in 54 ureters (43 patients 54%). A second injection was performed on 46 ureter (32 patients) whose reflux persisted after the first trial. 14 ureters (11 patients) responded well to the second application of the material. Of the 21 patients whose reflux persisted after the second endoscopic teratment seven were operated and in 14 of the patients endoscopic injection was applied for the third time. Only one patient responded well to the third injection whereas 13 of the patients were reimplanted.Following single endoscopic injection 57% of the patients with reflux were treated reaching a 73% success after a third trial of injection. Macroscopic hematuria lasting for 6 days following the injection procedure in one of the patients was the only complication encountered. Endoscopic VUR treatment seems to be the first choice of treatment in low grade reflux patients with high success and low complication rates

Keywords: Vesicoureteral reflux, subureteric injection