Öz

Epilepsi beyindeki nöronların anormal, aşırı ve eş zamanlı olarak uyarılmasına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan epileptik nöbetlerle karakterize, tüm dünyada 10.000.000’dan fazla çocuğu etkileyen önemli bir nörolojik hastalıktır. Doğru tanı ve tedavinin yapılabilmesi, prognozun öngörülmesi ve tüm klinisyenlerin aynı dili kullanması amacı ile çeşitli sınıflama önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. Bu sınıflamalardan en güncel olanları Uluslararası Epilepsi ile Savaş Derneği (International League Against Epilepsy-ILAE) tarafından önerilen 2010 epilepsi sendromları 2017 nöbet ve epilepsi, 2021 yenidoğan nöbetleri sınıflamalarıdır. ILAE 2010 epilepsi sendromları sınıflamasında epilepsiler başlangıç yaşına ve diğer bazı ortak özelliklerine göre gruplandırılmıştır. ILAE 2017 nöbet ve epilepsi sınıflamasında nöbetler başlangıçlarına göre fokal, jeneralize ve bilinmeyen olarak üçe ayrılmış, ayrıca fokal nöbet sırasında farkındalığın korunup/korunmaması ayrı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sınıflamanın her basamağında etiyolojinin de değerlendirmesi önerilmiştir. Etiyolojik açıdan yapısal, genetik, enfeksiyöz, metabolik, immun ve bilinmeyen alt sınıflaması yapılmıştır. ILAE 2021 yenidoğan nöbetleri sınıflamasında nöbetler ikiye ayrılmış, ilk grupta klinik bir bulgunun eşlik etmediği elektrografik nöbetler, ikinci grupta elektroensefalografi bulguları ile birlikte klinik bulguların görüldüğü motor, non-motor, ardışık ve sınıflandırılamayan nöbetler yer almıştır. Bu derlemede nöbet ve epilepsi sınıflamaları gözden geçirilmiş ve sık görülen pediatrik epilepsi sendromları güncel yayınlar ışığında incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: epilepsi,, nöbet, çocuk, epilepsi sendromları

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Telif hakkı ve lisans

Nasıl atıf yapılır

1.
Günbey C, Turanlı G. Epilepsi ve Pediatrik Epilepsi Sendromları. Turk J Pediatr Dis [Internet]. 2022 May 30 [cited 2025 May 25];16(3):249-57. Available from: https://turkjpediatrdis.org/article/view/894