Abstract

Objective: Type1Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease in which HLA gene polymorphisms vary according to region, race and ethnicity. Although there are many studies involving mostly DR-DQ haplotypes, there are fewer reports investigating the association of class I HLA-A, B and C alleles. The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of HLA class I and II alleles in Turkish children with T1DM.

Material and Methods: 98 (45 girls, 53 boys) children with T1DM diagnosed between 2017-2019 and 80 (41 girls, 39 boys) healthy children were screened for HLA A-B-C and DQ-DR alleles. HLA molecular analyzes were performed by PCR method. Chi-square test was used to measure the difference between alleles and DQ-DRhaplotypes. Odds Ratio (OD) was calculated for each variable.

Results: The most common alleles in children with T1DM were DQ2 (n=60; 61.22%) and DR3 (n=48; 49%). DQ3 and DR4 were 34.7% (n=34) and 25.5% (n=25). The most common allelesin the HLA class I were HLA-A2 (n=36; 36.8%) and HLA-A3 (n=26; 26.6%). The frequency of the other alleles were as follows: HLA-C7 25.5% (n=25), HLA-C4 20.4% (n=20) HLA-B8 18.8% (n=18), HLA-B35 15.3% (n=15). The most common haplotypes were DRB1*03-DQB1*02 (n=48;49%), DRB1*04-DQB1*03 (n=19; 19.3%), and DRB1*01-DQB1*05 (n=11; 11.2%), respectively. The most risky haplotypes for T1DM were DRB1*03-DQB1*02 (OR= 11.84) DRB1*01-DQB1*05 (OR=9.98) and DRB1*04-DQB1*02 (OR=5.15), while the most risky alleles were DQ2 (OR=7.44) and DR3 (OR=6.02).

Conclusion: In this study, the most risky HLA alleles and haplotypes in Turkish children wtih T1DM were DR3-DQ2 and DRB1*03-DQB1*02, DRB1*04-DQB1*03, DRB1*01-DQB1*05, and the increased frequencies ofHLA-A2/A3, C7 / C4 and HLA B8 / 35 alleles were found in the HLA class I. These findings suggest that there is an increased frequency of HLA class II HLA DR3-DQ2 allele groups in Turkish children with T1DM, and the relationship between T1DM and HLA I class gene regions should be investigated because of the increased frequency of some HLA-A/B/C alleles.

Keywords: Class I and II HLA alleles, HLA-DR, HLA DQ, Type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

How to cite

1.
Karaoglan M. Frequencies of Class I and II HLA Alleles in Turkish Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Turk J Pediatr Dis [Internet]. 2019 Dec. 23 [cited 2025 Aug. 23];13(6):481-8. Available from: https://turkjpediatrdis.org/article/view/561